Tense অর্থ সময় বা কাল। Tense কে প্রধানত তিন ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়।
১। Present Tense — বর্তমান কাল
২। Past Tense — অতীত কাল
৩। Future Tense — ভবিষ্যৎ কাল
Active Voice ( যেখানে কর্তা সক্রিয় ভূমিকা পালন করে ) এর ১২ টি Structure পর্ব-৩ পর্যন্ত্য সমাপ্ত হয়েছে।
শুরু হচ্ছে
Passive Voice:
Passive Voice ( যেখানে কর্তা সক্রিয় ভূমিকা পালন করে না। বরং কর্মের প্রাধান্য পরিলক্ষিত হয়। ) এরও ১২ টি Structure রয়েছে। সেই ১২ টি Structure Active Voice থেকে তৈরী করতে হয়। আজ আমরা শিখব কিভাবে ১২টি Passive Voice এর Structure তৈরী করতে হয়।
Rules for changing Active to Passive Voice.
১। Object হয়ে যাবে Subject এবং Subject হয়ে যাবে Object এবং তার পূর্বে by , to ইদ্যাদি Preposition বসবে।
২। Principal Verb হয়ে যাবে V3 এবং তার পূর্বে নিম্নরূপে New Auxiliary Verb বসবে।
a ) Present Indefinite এর ক্ষেত্রে ----- am / is / are
b ) Past Indefinite এর ক্ষেত্রে ----------was / were
c ) সকল Continuousএর ক্ষেত্রে ----------- being
d ) সকল Perfect এর ক্ষেত্রে ----- been
e ) বাকী সকল ক্ষেত্রে ----- be
৩। অন্যান্য শব্দ অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।
৪। Negative Sentence এ Negative ঠিক রাখতে হবে।
৫। Interrogative Sentence এ প্রশ্ন ঠিক রাখতে হবে।
৬। Imperative Sentence সর্বদা Let দিয়ে শুরু হবে।
Structures of Tense with conjugation in all persons ( Passive Voice )
শুরু হচ্ছে,
1. Present Indefinite-Passive ( সাধারন বর্তমান )
হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I eat rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by me |
We eat rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by us |
2nd |
You eat rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by you. |
You eat rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by you. |
3rd |
He eats rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by him She eats rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by her |
They eat rice. Passive: Rice is eaten by them. |
এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I do not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by me |
We do not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by us |
2nd |
You do not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by you. |
You do not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by you. |
3rd |
He does not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by him She does not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by her |
They do not eat rice. Passive: Rice is not eaten by them. |
এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
Do I eat rice ? Passive: Is rice eaten by me ? |
Do we eat rice ? Passive: Is rice eaten by us ? |
2nd |
Do you eat rice ? Passive: Is rice eaten by you ? |
Do you eat rice ? Passive: Is rice eaten by you ? |
3rd |
Does he eat rice ? ( পুং লিঙ্গ) Passive: Is rice eaten by him ? Does she eat rice ? ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Is rice eaten by her ? |
Do they eat rice ? Passive: Is rice eaten by them ? |
এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:
Passive: Is tea made by me ?
2. Present Continuous Passive ( ঘটমান বর্তমান )
হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I am eating rice. Passive- Rice is being eaten by me. |
We are eating rice. Passive- Rice is being eaten by us. |
2nd |
You are eating rice. Passive- Rice is being eaten by you. |
You are eating rice. Passive- Rice is being eaten by you |
3rd |
He is eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive- Rice is being eaten by him. She is eating rice. ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive- Rice is being eaten by her. |
They are eating rice. Passive- Rice is being eaten by them. |
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I am not eating rice. Passive- Rice is not being eaten by me. |
We are not eating rice. Passive- Rice is not being eaten by us. |
2nd |
You are not eating rice. Passive- Rice is not being eaten by you. |
You are not eating rice. Passive- Rice is not being eaten by you |
3rd |
He is not eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive- Rice is not being eaten by him. She is not eating rice. ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive- Rice is not being eaten by her. |
They are not eating rice. Passive- Rice is not being eaten by them. |
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
Am I eating rice ? Passive: Is rice being eaten by me ? |
Are we eating rice ? Passive: Is rice being eaten by us ? |
2nd |
Are you eating rice ? Passive: Is rice being eaten by you ? |
Are you eating rice ? Passive: Is rice being eaten by you ? |
3rd |
Is he eating rice ? ( পুং লিঙ্গ) Passive: Is rice being eaten by him ? Is she eating rice ? ( স্ত্রী
লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Is rice being eaten by her ? |
Are they eating rice ? Passive: Is rice being eaten by them ? |
3. Present Perfect Tense Passive ( পুরাঘটিত বর্তমান )
হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I have eaten rice. Passive: Rice has been
eaten by me. |
We have eaten rice. Passive: Rice has been
eaten by us. |
2nd |
You have eaten rice. Passive: Rice has been
eaten by you. |
You have eaten rice. Passive: Rice has been
eaten by you. |
3rd |
He has eaten rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has been
eaten by him. She has eaten rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has been
eaten by her. |
They have eaten rice. Passive: Rice has been
eaten by them. |
না বোধক বা Negative:
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I have not eaten rice. Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by me. |
We have not eaten rice. Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by us. |
2nd |
You have not eaten rice. Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by you. |
You have not eaten rice. Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by you. |
3rd |
He has not eaten rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by him. She has not eaten rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by her. |
They have not eaten rice. Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by them. |
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
Have I eaten rice? Passive: Has rice been eaten by me? |
Have we eaten rice? Passive: Has rice been eaten by us? |
2nd |
Have you eaten rice? Passive: Has rice been eaten by you? |
Have you eaten rice? Passive: Has rice been eaten by you? |
3rd |
Has he eaten rice? ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has not been
eaten by him. Has she eaten rice? (স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Has rice been eaten by her? |
Have they eaten rice? Passive: Has rice been eaten by them? |
4. Present Perfect Continuous Passive
( পুরাঘটিত ঘটমান বর্তমান )
হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I have been eating rice. Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by me. |
We have been eating rice. Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by us. |
2nd |
You have been eating rice. Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by you. |
You have been eating rice. Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by you. |
3rd |
He has been eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by him. She has been eating rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by her |
They have been eating rice. Passive: Rice has been
being eaten by them. |
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
I have not been eating
rice. Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by me. |
We have not been eating
rice. Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by us. |
2nd |
You have not been eating
rice. Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by you. |
You have not been eating
rice. Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by you. |
3rd |
He has not been eating
rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by him. She has not been eating
rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by her |
They have not been eating
rice. Passive: Rice has not been
being eaten by them. |
Active- I have not been making tea.
Passive: Tea has not been being made by me.
প্রশ্নবোধক বা Interrogative :
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
1st |
Have I been eating rice? Passive: Has rice been
being eaten by me? |
Have we been eating rice? Passive: Has rice been
being eaten by us? |
2nd |
Have you been eating rice? Passive: Has rice been
being eaten by you? |
Have you been eating rice? Passive: Has rice been
being eaten by you? |
3rd |
Has he been eating rice? ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Has rice been
being eaten by him.? Has she been eating rice? .( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Has rice been
being eaten by her? |
Have they been eating rice? Passive: Has rice been being
eaten by them? |
Passive: Has tea been being made by me?
শেষ হল Passive voice of Present Tense.
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