Tense শিখবো কী করে? ( Past Tense -Passive Voice )

  Tense অর্থ সময় বা কাল। Tense কে প্রধানত তিন ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়।

১। Present Tense — বর্তমান কাল

২। Past Tense — অতীত কাল

৩। Future Tense — ভবিষ্যৎ কাল

Active Voice ( যেখানে কর্তা সক্রিয় ভূমিকা পালন করে ) এর ১২ টি Structure পর্ব-৩ পর্যন্ত্য সমাপ্ত হয়েছে।

শুরু হচ্ছে 

Passive Voice:

Passive Voice ( যেখানে কর্তা সক্রিয় ভূমিকা পালন করে না। বরং কর্মের প্রাধান্য পরিলক্ষিত হয়। ) এরও ১২ টি Structure রয়েছে। সেই ১২ টি Structure Active Voice থেকে তৈরী করতে হয়। আজ আমরা শিখব কিভাবে ১২টি Passive Voice এর Structure তৈরী করতে হয়।

 Rules for changing  Active to Passive Voice.

১। Object হয়ে যাবে Subject এবং  Subject হয়ে যাবে Object এবং তার পূর্বে  by , to ইদ্যাদি  Preposition বসবে।

২। Principal Verb হয়ে যাবে V3 এবং তার পূর্বে নিম্নরূপে New Auxiliary Verb বসবে।

a ) Present Indefinite এর ক্ষেত্রে ----- am / is / are

b ) Past Indefinite এর ক্ষেত্রে ----------was / were

c ) সকল  Continuousএর ক্ষেত্রে ----------- being

d ) সকল  Perfect  এর ক্ষেত্রে ----- been

e ) বাকী সকল ক্ষেত্রে ----- be

৩। অন্যান্য শব্দ অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে। 

৪। Negative Sentence এ Negative ঠিক রাখতে হবে। 

৫। Interrogative Sentence  এ প্রশ্ন ঠিক রাখতে হবে।

৬। Imperative Sentence  সর্বদা Let দিয়ে শুরু হবে।

Structures of Tense with conjugation in all persons ( Passive Voice )

5. Past Indefinite-Passive ( সাধারন অতীত )

হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I  ate   rice. Passive- Rice was eaten by me.	We ate rice. Passive- Rice was eaten by us.
2nd	You ate rice. Passive- Rice was eaten eaten by you.	You ate rice. Passive- Rice was eaten by you
3rd	He ate rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive- Rice was eaten by him. She ate rice.  ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive- Rice was eaten by her.	They ate rice. Passive- Rice was eaten by them.

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active- I made  tea.

Passive- Tea was made by me.

না  বোধক বা Negative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I did not eat rice. Passive: Rice was not eaten by me.	We did not eat rice. Passive: Rice was not eaten by us.
2nd	You did not eat rice. Passive: Rice was not eaten by you.	You did not eat rice. Passive: Rice was not eaten by you.
3rd	He did not eat rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice was not eaten by him She did not eat rice. ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice was not eaten by her	They did not eat rice. Passive: Rice was not eaten by them

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active- I did not make  tea.

Passive- Tea was not made by me.

প্রশ্নবোধক বা  Interrogative :

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	Did I eat rice ? Passive: Was rice eaten by me ?	Did we eat rice ? Passive: Was rice eaten by us ?
2nd	Did you eat rice ? Passive: Was rice eaten by you ?	Did you eat rice ? Passive: Was rice eaten by you ?
3rd	Did he eat rice ?  ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Was rice eaten by him ? Did he eat rice ?  ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Was rice eaten by her ?	Did we eat rice ? Passive: Rice was eaten by them ?

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active- Did I make tea ?

Passive: Was tea made by me ?

6. Past Continuous-Passive ( ঘটমান অতীত )

হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I was eating rice. Passive: Rice was being eaten by me.	We were eating rice. Passive: Rice was being eaten by us.
2nd	You were eating rice. Passive: Rice was being eaten by you.	You were eating rice. Passive: Rice was being eaten by you.
3rd	He was eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice was being eaten by him. She was eating rice. ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice was being eaten by her.	They were eating rice. Passive: Rice was being eaten by them.

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active: I was making tea.

Passive: Tea was being made by me.

না  বোধক বা Negative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I was not eating rice. Passive: Rice was not being eaten by me.	We were not eating rice. Passive: Rice was not being eaten by us.
2nd	You were not eating rice. Passive: Rice was not being eaten by you.	You were not eating rice. Passive: Rice was not being eaten by you.
3rd	He was not eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice was not being eaten by him. She was not eating rice. ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice was not being eaten by her.	They were not eating rice. Passive: Rice was not being eaten by them     .

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active: I was not making tea

Passive: Tea  was not being made by me.

প্রশ্নবোধক বা  Interrogative :

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	Was I eating rice ? Passive: Was rice being eaten by me ?	Were we eating rice ? Passive: Was rice being eaten by us ?
2nd	Were you eating rice ? Passive: Was rice being eaten by you ?	Were you eating rice ? Passive: Was rice being eaten by you ?
3rd	Was he eating rice ? . ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Was rice being eaten by him ? Was she eating rice ? ( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Was rice being eaten by her ?	Were they eating rice ? Passive: Was rice being eaten by them ?

 

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active: Was I making tea ?

Passive: Was tea being made by me ?

7. Past Perfect Tense Passive ( পুরাঘটিত অতীত )

হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I had eaten rice. Passive: Rice had been eaten by me.	We had eaten rice. Passive: Rice had been eaten by us.
2nd	You had eaten rice. Passive: Rice had been eaten by you.	You had eaten rice. Passive: Rice had been eaten by you.
3rd	He had eaten rice.  ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had been eaten by him. She had eaten rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had been eaten by her.	They had eaten rice. Passive: Rice had been eaten by them.

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active-I had made tea.

Passive: Tea had been made by me.

না  বোধক বা Negative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I had not eaten rice. Passive: Rice had not been eaten by me.	We had not eaten rice. Passive: Rice had not been eaten by us.
2nd	You had not eaten rice. Passive: Rice had not been eaten by you.	You had not eaten rice. Passive: Rice had not been eaten by you.
3rd	He had not eaten rice.  ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had not been eaten by him. She had not eaten rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had not been eaten by her.	They had not eaten rice. Passive: Rice had not been eaten by them.

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active-I had not made tea.

Passive: Tea had not been made by me.

প্রশ্নবোধক বা  Interrogative :

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	Had I eaten rice ? Passive: Had  rice been eaten by me ?	Had we eaten rice ? Passive: Had  rice been eaten by us?
2nd	Had you eaten rice ? Passive: Had  rice been eaten by you ?	Had you eaten rice ? Passive: Had  rice been eaten by you ?
3rd	Had he eaten rice ?  ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Had  rice been eaten by him ? Had she eaten rice ? .( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Had  rice been eaten by her ?	Had we eaten rice ? Passive: Had  rice been eaten by us?

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active: Had I made tea ?

Passive: Had  tea been made by me ?

4. Past Perfect Continuous Passive

( পুরাঘটিত ঘটমান অতীত )

হাঁ বোধক বা Affirmative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I had been eating rice. Passive: Rice had been being eaten by me.	We had been eating rice. Passive: Rice had been being eaten by us.
2nd	You had been eating rice. Passive: Rice had been being eaten by you.	You had been eating rice. Passive: Rice had been being eaten by you.
3rd	He had been eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had been being eaten by him. She had been eating rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had been being eaten by her	They had been eating rice. Passive: Rice had been being eaten by them.

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active- I had been making tea.

Passive: Tea had been being made by me.

না  বোধক বা Negative:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	I had not been eating rice. Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by me.	We had not been eating rice. Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by us.
2nd	You had not been eating rice. Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by you.	You had not been eating rice. Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by you.
3rd	He had not been eating rice. ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by him. She had not been eating rice.( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by her	They had not been eating rice. Passive: Rice had not been being eaten by them.

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active- I had not been making tea.

Passive: Tea had not been being made by me.

প্রশ্নবোধক বা  Interrogative :

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	Had I been eating rice ? Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by me ?	Had we been eating rice ? Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by us ?
2nd	Had you been eating rice ? Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by you ?	Had you been eating rice ? Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by you ?
3rd	Had he been eating rice ?  ( পুং লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by him ? Had she been eating rice ? .( স্ত্রী লিঙ্গ ) Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by her ?	Had they been eating rice ? Passive: Had  rice been being eaten by them ?

এবার আপনি make দিয়ে এই সবগুলো বাক্য তৈরি করুন। যেমন:

Active: Had I been making tea ?

Passive: Had  tea been being made by me ?

এই নিয়ে শেষ হল Past Tense- Passive Voice.